In addition to the wings and tail, what other critical surface requires anti-icing fluid application on EMB 140/145?

The top centerline of the fuselage is critical for anti-icing fluid application on the EMB 140/145 because this area plays a crucial role in maintaining the aircraft's aerodynamic integrity during flight. Ice accumulation can alter airflow and negatively impact the aircraft's performance, particularly during critical phases like takeoff and landing.

By applying anti-icing fluid to this surface, operators reduce the risk of ice formation, ensuring that control surfaces function effectively and the aircraft maintains stability. This practice is essential for safety and efficient operation in icy conditions.

While the other areas listed are important for various reasons, the significance of the top centerline of the fuselage is particularly emphasized in operational protocols to prevent ice accumulation that could affect overall aircraft performance.