What is the primary purpose of de-icing an aircraft?

The primary purpose of de-icing an aircraft is to remove ice, snow, or frost from the aircraft's surfaces for safe flight. Ice accumulation on critical areas such as the wings, control surfaces, and tail can severely disrupt the airflow around the aircraft. This disruption can lead to a significant reduction in lift and an increase in drag, both of which are critical during takeoff and landing. By performing de-icing procedures, the aircraft ensures that it maintains optimal performance and handling characteristics in cold weather conditions, significantly enhancing safety during flight operations.

While enhancing lift capacity or improving aerodynamics during takeoff might seem beneficial, they are secondary effects of proper de-icing, not the primary reason for the procedure. Similarly, de-icing is not directly aimed at assisting in engine maintenance, but rather at ensuring the overall safety and functionality of the aircraft in challenging weather conditions.